Abolghasem Dadrasi Sabzevar; Ali Ghazanchian; Mohammad Namaki
Abstract
Social and economical evaluation of watershed management activities, is an important criterion for its validation. The main objective of present study was, identification and analysis of socio-economic impacts of watershed management operations implimented in Gosh village wich is located in 60 km north ...
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Social and economical evaluation of watershed management activities, is an important criterion for its validation. The main objective of present study was, identification and analysis of socio-economic impacts of watershed management operations implimented in Gosh village wich is located in 60 km north of Mashhad. The sample data of this study was consisted of 38 extension workers were randomly selected from the study area based on Cochran’s sampling methodology. The research instrument consisted of three parts in Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was analyzed and reliability coefficient was calculated for the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha ratio of 0.745. These amounts showed that questionnaire has an acceptable ability for data gathering. Factor analysis was the major statistical method. The results offactor analysis indicated that socio-economic effective parameters are increasing garden and farm area, increasing qanats water discharge, increasing rangeland area, and preventing lands flood damages. These four factors, in general, had more than 60 percent of the total variance. Final results indicated that watershed management activities have improved qanats water discharge by flood control and aquifer rechrge and increased the area of Agricultural and garden lands. Also, conseving activities in rangelands caused improving of vegetation cover density and the area of rangelands.
Samad Shadfar; Mojtaba Yamani; Mohammad Namaki
Abstract
One of the hillslope movement processes is land sliding which causes both human loss and economic damages. Factors such as structural and dynamic developed landforms , forests clearing, incorrect technical principals in construction and maintenance of rural and forest roads, lack proper management and ...
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One of the hillslope movement processes is land sliding which causes both human loss and economic damages. Factors such as structural and dynamic developed landforms , forests clearing, incorrect technical principals in construction and maintenance of rural and forest roads, lack proper management and using existing resource causes much damages to rural settlements, construction activities, forest, rangeland, and agriculture lands every year. Landslide Hazard Zonation is the first step for proper land management to overcome these problems. To prepare LHZ, several thematic layers such as lithology, slope, elevation, land use, distance from faults and distance form drainage were digitally prepared. Landslide distribution map of the area was prepared through Arial photos interpretation and also field checks. The thematic layers were integrated using information value, area density and LNRF models in a GIS environment. Finally to validate the results, a sub-basin was selected as a control area and the calculated weights for this sub-basin were applied for the rest of the catchments. The result of this investigation indicates that most of the landslide occurred in pdr, Js lithological units composed of marl, clay and silt layers, slope class 30- 50 and on elevation 2000- 2500 m. Also, most of the instability are on rangeland and occurred in a distance of 0-300 m from drainage network. The research shows that the estimated percentage of high hazard class is 79, 63, and 66 percent for area density, LNRF, and information value models respectively.
Esmaeil Sharifi; Hossein Ali Habibi; Mohammad Namaki; Samad Shadfar
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2010, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Leadership is one of four basic steps in the management process. It involves leading, influencing and motivating group or organization members and or any social structure. Investigation of leadership characteristics in watershed management which is a non-governmental social structure is of important ...
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Leadership is one of four basic steps in the management process. It involves leading, influencing and motivating group or organization members and or any social structure. Investigation of leadership characteristics in watershed management which is a non-governmental social structure is of important consideration. In this research, various theories of leadership along with integrated definition of its obligations were brought under consideration. Furthermore, various methods and styles of leadership were analyzed by exact designing about its network. Thirteen required attitudes for practicing of management were extracted and determined during this research. Nowadays, scientists believe that consultation and intermediation skills are the most important factors in non-government and social organizations since in the various research is known that economic analysis are among the isolated matters for these non-governmental social systems. Importance of getting in contact with minorities and other cultural groups, ability in resolving of wrangling and evaluation of politic conditions, and also distinguishing of social requirements have been recommended as the most important factors for management of such an organizations. In consequence of different adjusting theories and styles of leadership in various conditions of watersheds and their residents, the best of leadership options were introduced in different cases. Finally, considering the exploiting of scientific management in watershed administration, suggestion for training managers with scientific skills in post graduate studies are made for watershed management.
